Referensi
Direktorat Registrasi Pangan Olahan, Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia, “Pengumuman tentang Registrasi Sediaan Pemanis Cair Tetes,” diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
Splenda, “Where Do the Carbohydrates in Splenda Stevia Come From?,” diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
NOW Foods, “BetterStevia Organic Packets,” diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
Truvía, “Truvia Calorie-Free Sweetener,” diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, “Steviol Glycosides,” JECFA Database, diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, “High-Intensity Sweeteners,” diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings, “Re-evaluation of Erythritol (E 968) as a Food Additive,” EFSA Journal 21, no. 12 (2023): e8430, https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8430.
Marco Witkowski et al., “Ingestion of the Non-Nutritive Sweetener Erythritol, but Not Glucose, Enhances Platelet Reactivity and Thrombosis Potential in Healthy Volunteers—Brief Report,” Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 44, no. 9 (2024): 2136–41, https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.124.321019.
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, “Sorbitol Syrup,” JECFA Database, diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
Adrienne Lenhart and William D. Chey, “A Systematic Review of the Effects of Polyols on Gastrointestinal Health and Irritable Bowel Syndrome,” Advances in Nutrition 8, no. 4 (2017): 587–96, https://doi.org/10.3945/an.117.015560.
American Diabetes Association, “Get to Know Carbs,” diakses 30 Oktober 2026.
Denise L. Hofman, Vincent J. van Buul, and Fred J. P. H. Brouns, “Nutrition, Health, and Regulatory Aspects of Digestible Maltodextrins,” Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 56, no. 12 (2016): 2091–2100, https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2014.940415.
Annemarie R. Mysonhimer and Hannah D. Holscher, “Gastrointestinal Effects and Tolerance of Nondigestible Carbohydrate Consumption,” Advances in Nutrition 13, no. 6 (2022): 2237–76, https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmac094.
EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources Added to Food, “Re-evaluation of Silicon Dioxide (E 551) as a Food Additive in Foods for Infants below 16 Weeks of Age and Follow-up of Its Re-evaluation as a Food Additive for Uses in Foods for All Population Groups,” EFSA Journal 22, no. 10 (2024): e8880, https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8880.
Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia, Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 11 Tahun 2019 tentang Bahan Tambahan Pangan, https://jdih.pom.go.id/view/slide/848/11/2019/b688367d60d69eae06d9710945bf7dff.