Self-Insurance Institute of America, Gene Therapy: Additional Information, 2026, data current as of December 10, 2025.
Orchard Therapeutics, “Orchard Therapeutics Outlines U.S. Launch Plans for Lenmeldy,” diakses Agustus 2026.
Francesca Fumagalli et al., “Lentiviral Haematopoietic Stem-Cell Gene Therapy for Early-Onset Metachromatic Leukodystrophy: Long-Term Results from a Non-Randomised, Open-Label, Phase 1/2 Trial and Expanded Access,” The Lancet 399, no. 10322 (2022): 372–383, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02017-1.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, “FDA Approves First Gene Therapy for Treatment of Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency,” November 14, 2024.
CSL Behring, HEMGENIX Product Information, 2024.
Steven W. Pipe et al., “Final Analysis of a Study of Etranacogene Dezaparvovec for Hemophilia B,” New England Journal of Medicine 394, no. 5 (2026): 463–474, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2514332.
Jerry R. Mendell et al., “AAV Gene Therapy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: The EMBARK Phase 3 Randomized Trial,” Nature Medicine 31 (2025): 332–341.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, “FDA Approves New Safety Warning and Revised Indication that Limits Use for Elevidys Following Reports of Fatal Liver Injury,” November 14, 2025.
Abeona Therapeutics, Wholesale Acquisition Cost for Colorado Prescribers: ZEVASKYN, 2025.
Jean Y. Tang et al., “Prademagene Zamikeracel for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa Wounds (VIITAL): A Two-Centre, Randomised, Open-Label, Intrapatient-Controlled Phase 3 Trial,” The Lancet 406, no. 10499 (2025): 163–173, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00778-0.
Bluebird Bio, United States Securities and Exchange Commission Filing, 2024–2025, reporting WAC of US$3.1 million for Lyfgenia, US$3.0 million for Skysona, and US$2.8 million for Zynteglo.
Julie Kanter et al., “Biologic and Clinical Efficacy of LentiGlobin for Sickle Cell Disease,” New England Journal of Medicine 386, no. 7 (2022): 617–628, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2117175.
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U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Summary Basis for Regulatory Action: RETHYMIC, October 8, 2021.
Janet L. Kwiatkowski et al., “Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Results of Betibeglogene Autotemcel Gene Therapy for Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia,” Blood 147, no. 19 (2026): 2203–2214, doi:10.1182/blood.2025029196.
T. A. C. et al., “Gene Therapy and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Current Issues and Future Research,” 2026.
Marianna Serino et al., “Pharmacoeconomic Profiles of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products in Rare Diseases: A Systematic Review,” Healthcare 13, no. 15 (2025): 1894, doi:10.3390/healthcare13151894.