Brobakken, Mathias Forsberg, Iben Krogsæter, Jan Helgerud, Erik Wang, dan Jan Hoff. “Abdominal Aerobic Endurance Exercise Reveals Spot Reduction Exists: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Physiological Reports 11, no. 22 (2023): e15853. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15853.
Currier, Brad S., Alysha C. D’Souza, Maria A. Fiatarone Singh, Caroline V. Lowisz, Eric S. Rawson, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, et al. “American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand: Resistance Training Prescription for Muscle Function, Hypertrophy, and Physical Performance in Healthy Adults: An Overview of Reviews.” Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 58, no. 4 (2026): 851–72. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003897.
Delgado, José, et al. “Comparison Between Back Squat, Romanian Deadlift, and Barbell Hip Thrust for Leg and Hip Muscle Activities During Hip Extension.” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 33, no. 10 (2019): 2595–2601. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31356511/.
Lafontant, Kworweinski, et al. “Comparison of Concurrent, Resistance, or Aerobic Training on Body Fat Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 22, no. 1 (2025): 2507949. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2025.2507949.
Moore, Damien, Adam I. Semciw, dan Tania Pizzari. “A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Common Therapeutic Exercises That Generate Highest Muscle Activity in the Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimus Segments.” International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 15, no. 6 (2020): 856–81. https://doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20200856.
Muyor, José M., Isabel Martín-Fuentes, David Rodríguez-Ridao, dan José A. Antequera-Vique. “Electromyographic Activity in the Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Maximus, Biceps Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis and Rectus Femoris during the Monopodal Squat, Forward Lunge and Lateral Step-Up Exercises.” PLOS ONE 15, no. 4 (2020): e0230841. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230841.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. “Eating & Physical Activity to Lose or Maintain Weight.” Diakses 31 Juli 2026.
Ramírez-Campillo, Rodrigo, David C. Andrade, Christian Campos-Jara, Cristián Henríquez-Olguín, Claudio Alvarez-Lepín, dan Mikel Izquierdo. “Regional Fat Changes Induced by Localized Muscle Endurance Resistance Training.” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 27, no. 8 (2013): 2219–24. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23222084/.
Vispute, Sachin S., John D. Smith, James D. LeCheminant, dan Kimberly S. Hurley. “The Effect of Abdominal Exercise on Abdominal Fat.” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 25, no. 9 (2011): 2559–64. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21804427/.
Wewege, Michael A., Ishan Desai, Caitlin Honey, Brontie Coorie, Matthew D. Jones, Brooke K. Clifford, Hayley B. Leake, dan Amanda D. Hagstrom. “The Effect of Resistance Training in Healthy Adults on Body Fat Percentage, Fat Mass and Visceral Fat: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” Sports Medicine 52 (2022): 287–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01562-2.
Williams, Matthew J., Neil V. Gibson, Graeme G. Sorbie, Ukadike C. Ugbolue, James Brouner, dan Chris Easton. “Activation of the Gluteus Maximus During Performance of the Back Squat, Split Squat, and Barbell Hip Thrust and the Relationship with Maximal Sprinting.” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 35, no. 1 (2021): 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002651.
World Health Organization. “Physical Activity.” Diakses 31 Juli 2026.